Bearing.



PATENTED JUNE 5, 1906 E. J. NEWTON.

BEARING. APPLICATION FILED 111N312, 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

epd PATBNTED JUNE 5, 1906.

- E. J. NEWTON;

BEARING. APPLICATION TILED JUNE-12, 190s.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATBNTED JUNE 5, 1906.

E. J. NEWTON.

BEARING. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1905.

a SHEET8SHEET a. I

I ATS earn men.

EDWIN J. NEWTON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAM EVERETT, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BEARING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 5, 1906.

' Application filed June 12,1905. $erial No. 264,830.

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Be it known that I, EDWIN J. NEWTON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Bearings, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to a bearing of the type in which friction isminimized by the interposition of rolling bearing members between therotating members; and my object is, generally speaking, to provide abearing so constructed and arranged that the friction between therotating parts will be reduced to a minimum whatever the runningconditions may be to which it is subjected.

It is my object to provide a bearing of a simple and inexpensiveconstruction in which the friction losses due to end thrust, as well asthose due to the cross thrust on the bearing, will be kept at the lowestpoint possible. More particularly, my invention may be said tocontemplate the provision of a bearing in which rolling spacing membersinterposed between the rolling bearing members which take the crossthrust of the bearing are so arranged between the bearing members properthat they serve to take the end thrust of the bearing.

Where the rotative members of the bearing have bearing-rollersinterposed between them, it is necessary to provide spacing means tokeep the rollers apart, as the adjacent surfaces of the rollers move inopposite direcions, and if they were allowed to come into contact wouldproduce very considerable friction. The separation of the rollers insome instances has been effected by means of balls interposed betweenthem, the balls, however, acting only to space the rollers and keep themfrom endwise displacement with relation to that one of the rotativemembers with which they are associated and having no other function. Inaccordance with my invention I so place the spacingballs in the bearingthat they act not only to space the rollers and keep them in theirproper relative position, but, also, by virtue of their interpositionbetween the rotative or bearing mem bers proper, to take the end thrustof these members and prevent their endwise displacement. Furthermore, Ihave found that where the balls are made to serve the double duty ofspacing the rollers and taking the end thrust of the bearing there is atendency for them to be displaced in the rotation of the bearing at acertain rate as a result of their spacing relation to the rollers, andat another rate as a result of their end thrust bearing relation to thebearing members, this action resulting in the development of a slidingor grinding friction. This tendency I have corrected by placing theballs in a certain peculiar relation to the members with which theycooperate, as will hereinafter more fully appear.

Referring tothe accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal view,partly in section, of a bearing embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is across-sectional view of this hearing taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a longitudinal view, partly in section, of a slightlymodified form ofbearing embodying my invention. Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of thebearing of Fig. 3, taken on line 4 4 thereof. Fig. 5 is a view, partlyin section, of another modification, in which the spacing and endthrustbearing members are disposed within the circle of the roller-bearingsinstead of outside, as in the two preceding forms and Fig. 6 is across-sectional view of the modification illustrated in Fig. 5. taken online 6 6 thereof.

In the modification of my invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 thebearing is shown to consist of the hub or bearing-box 7, supporting awheel 9 by means of the spokes 10, and a shaft or axle 8 within the hub7. The hub or box 7 and the shaft or axle 8 in the present instancecomprise the two relatively rotative members of the bearing. Theexternal diameter of the shaft or axle is made less than the internaldiameter of the hub, and between them are interposed a number of r0ll=-ing bearing members 1 1, which preferably are rollers, as shown. Thenumber of these rollers may be varied at will to adapt them to thevarying proportions of the parts with which they are associated. Theyare preferably of relatively small diameter, as it is advantageous inthe practice of my invention that there be no great difference in thediameters of the hub and the axle. The ends of the rollers arepreferably reduced in diameter and project beyond the ends of the hubinto annular spaces 13, formed between the ends of the hub andcap-plates 12, preferably secured to and rotating with the shaft. The

circumference of each of these annular spaces is closed by a ring orflange 1 1, which in the present instance I have shown as being a separate part secured to the hub by means of a series of screws. Theannular spaces 13 serve as bearing housings or cages, and within each ofthem is placed a series of bearing-balls 15, which are so arranged withrelation to the ends of the bearing-rollers that project into thehousing that a ball is interposed between each roller and its neighbor.To keep the balls from radial displacement, I prefer to provide inconnection with each series a retaining-ring 5, which ring is not incontact with anything excepting the balls and is free to move with themwithout occasioning any grinding-friction.

In addition to their spacing function which they have by virtue of theirposition between the projecting ends of the roller-bearing members, Iarrange the balls so that they may exercise an additional function asend-thrust bearing members, and this in the present instance Iaccomplish by so disposing the balls with relation to the end of the hubor bearingbox and its opposed cap-plate 12, associated with the shaft oraxle, that they are interposed between the surfaces of these parts inposition to take the end thrust between them. In the present instance Ihave illustrated the end or lateral bearing-surfaces of the hub orbearing-box 7 as consisting of rings 16, preferably of hardened steel orlike material, let into the ends of the hub; but it will be under stoodthat the ends of the hub itself might be adapted to take the place ofthese bearingrings. The cap-plates 1.2, which in the present instanceconstitute the lateral bearing-surfaces of the shaft or axle andcooperate with the balls 15 and the ends of the hub in taking the endthrust, are held in place by inwardlyprojecting flanges on thehousing-rings 14:, but are arranged to be freely rotatable within thehousing-rings. In the form of bearing illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 thecap-plate on one end of the axle is held in position by the buttingflange 17 on the axle and is secured to the flange, so as to rotate withthe axle by means of pins 18, seated in one of the members and passingloosely into corresponding holes in the other member, so that the flangecap-plate may be separated by a relatively longitudinal movement. Thecap-plate at the other end of the axle is secured to the nut 19 in asimilar manner, the two being separated when it is desired to remove thebearing-j ournal from the axle by unscrewing the nut, the cap-platebeing free to rotate with the nut, and the loose connection of the pinswith one or the other of the members permitting them to separatelongitudinally. The cap-plates 12 are centrally perforated to permit theaxle to pass through them and are provided with flanges 20, projectinginwardly from the edge of the central perforation to engage the ends ofthe roller-bearing members 11 and retain them in position when thebearing-box is removed from the axle. In order to prevent dust fromentering the housing of the bearing, I preferably place washers 21, offelt or other suitable material, between the housing-flanges 14 and theassociated cap-plates 12.

It will be observed that in the bearing illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 thesurfaces of the end bearing-rings 16, that engage the balls 15, aredisposed at an angle to the cooperating endthrust bearing-surfaces ofthe associated capplates, bringing the point of contact with each ballinto a position somewhat removed from a point diametrically opposite thepoint of contact of the ball with the associated end cap-plate. This isdone in order to cause the travel of the balls, resulting from theirengagement with the end-thrust bearing-surfaces, to equal their traveldue to their interposition as spacing members between the ends of therollers.

The angular displacement of a ball or roller relative to circularbearingsurfaces which it engages, as is well known, is in the inverseratio of the diameters of the surfaces. For instance, in the bearingmembers shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the ratio of the internal diameter of thehub to the external diameter of the shaft is as illustratedapproximately two to one, and in one complete rotation of the membersthe angular displacement of the bearing-rollers is approximately onehundred and twenty degrees on the hub and two hundred and forty degreeson the axle. Inasmuch as the balls are interposed between and carriedaround by the rollers, and at the same time are also engaging thelateral surfaces of the bearing members to take the end thrust, it isnecessary in order to prevent sliding or grinding friction of the ballsbetween the end bearings to so adjust the bearing-surfaces with relationto the balls that in one complete revolution of the parts they will bedisplaced upon the two members to relatively the same degree that theyare dis placed by the travel of the rollers-that is, one hundred andtwenty degrees on the hub and two hundred and forty degrees on the axle.If the two lateral bearing-surfaces should engage the ball atdiametrically-opposite points, the displacement of the ball relative tothe two members would be one hundred and eighty degrees on each, withthe result that the ball would have to slide during each completerevolution of the bearing for a distance equal to the difference betweenits displacement as a spacing member and its displacement as anend-thrust bearing member-that is, sixty degrees; but if one of thebearing-surfaces is made to touch the ball at a point at right angles tothe axis of its rotation due to its engagement with the lateralbearing-surfaces while the other is displaced to touch it at a pointwhich forms an angle less than ninety degrees with its lateral axis ofrotation and is consequently nearer to the axis than the point where theother bearing-surface engages it the travel or displacement of the ballon that surface will be less than on the surface engaging the moreremote point, and the relative travel on the two surfaces will be in theratio 01 the distances of their contacting points from the axis ofrotation of the ball; but in order to obtain the disposition 01 theballs relative to the bearing members that gives the minimum slidingfriction it is necessary to take into account another factor, and thatis the rotation of the balls on their own axes imparted to them by theirengagement with the ends of the bearing-rollers. Referring to Fig. 2,for instance, and assuming that the shaft of axle 8 is caused to makeone complete revolution in a clockwise direction, the hub 7 remainingstationary, it will be seen that the rollers 11 will be caused to rotatein a counter clockwise direction, and that the balls 15 interposedbetwen their ends will be caused to rotate in a clockwise direction inaddition to being displaced bodily through an angle of approximately twohundred and forty degrees on the axle and one hundred and twenty degreeson the hub. As the ball is being bodily carried around in a clockwisedirection and at the same time is rotating on its own axis in aclockwise direction, the result is that the rate of movement of thesurface of the ball at the point adapted to engage the bearing-ring 16relative to the surface of the bearing-ring is equal to itsbodilydisplacement plus its own rotation, the relative movement being greateras the bearingsurface is situated farther out from the longitudinal axisof rotation of the ball. On the other hand, the cap-plate 12, whichconstitutes the other lateral bearing member and which cooperates withthe bearing-ring 16 in taking the end thrust of the bearing, is arrangedto contact with the balls at one end or pole of the longitudinal axis ofrotation of each ball, and hence the rate of movement of this portion ofthe surface of the ball relative to the bearing-surfaces on thecap-plate is merely the rate of bodily displacement of the ball.Consequently in order to correlate the bodily displacement of the balldue to its position as a spacing member its rotation due to its contactwith the ends of the rollers and its movement due to its engagement withthe end-thrust bearing-surfaces it is desirable to so adjust theend-thrust bearing-surfaces that the distance from the lateral axis ofrotation of the ball-that is, the axis of rotation due to its engagementwith the endthrust bearing-surfacesto its point of contact with thebearing-surface associated with the outside member of the bearing shallbear approximately the same ratio to the radius of the ball that therate of movement of the surface of the ball relative to the end thrustbearing-surface associated with the inner member bears to the rate ofmovement of the surface of the ball relative to the end thrustbearing-surface associated with the outer member of the bearing. As theperpendicular distance from the axis of rotation of the ball to anypoint on its surface is the cosine of the angle which is produced withreference to the axis of rotation by a radius drawn to that point, andassuming that the axis of rotation of the ball due to its action as anendthrust bearing member is in the plane of retation of the entirebearing, I may express the proper disposition of the end-thrustbearing-surfaces relative to the balls as being such that the cosine ofthe angle between the outer or hub contacting point and the axis ofrotation shall bear approximately the ratio to one that the travel ormovement at the contacting point of the ball with the bearingsurfaceassociated with the inner member or axle bears to the travel or movementof the surface of the ball at its contacting point with thebearing-surface associated with the outer member or hub. With thisrelation of the end-thrust bearing surfaces it results that theengagement of the surface of the ball with either of the end-thrustbearing-surfaces, taken in connection with the rotation due to itsengagement with the roller-bearings, produces a resultant gyratorymovement of the ball that causes its surface at the other end-thrustbearing-surface to move at a rate approximately equal to the rate ofmovement of that surface relative to the ball and in the same direction,so that the contact between the two is rolling and not sliding.

It should be understood that although I find it desirable to employ theabove-described relation of the end-thrust bearingsurfaces to the ballsI do not regard it as essential to my broad invention, which, as isapparent, is directed rather toward the use of spacing members arrangedto exercise the additional function of end-thrust bearing members.

In correlating the various movements of the ball in the manner describedin the fore going, by displacing one of the end-thrust bearing-surfacesfrom a position diametrically opposite the other it is desirablethat'the displacement be made as small as possible consistent withsecuring the required result. As the need for displacement is primarilydue to the unequal rate of travel of the rollers, carrying the balls asspacing members, on the inner and outer members of the bearing, and asthe inequality of travel increases with increasing difference in thediameters of the two bearing members it is desirable to construct thebearing members of as nearly equal diameter as practical and to separatethem by bearing-rollers of correspondingly small IIO diameter. I havefound in practice that in order to prevent the necessity of suchdisplacementof the end-thrust bearing-surface associated with the outerbearing member from a position diametrically opposite its 00- operatingend-thrust bearing member as would result in the end thrust causingawedging action on the'ball it is well to keep the di ameter of theroller three-sixteenths or less of the diameter of the inner bearingmember or axle. In the present instance I have shown the bearing-surfaceat the end of the hub as being of straight cross-section and disposedtangentially to the ball at the point of contact. This arrangement ispreferable for the reason that it offers only one point of contact withthe ball and affords less opportunity for developing sliding or grindingfriction.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have illustrated my invention as applied to a bearingin which the hub or bearing-box is fixed, while the axle is rotatable.In this modification the hub or bearing-box 22 is provided with a basehaving lugs 23, by means of which it may be secured to any suitablesupport. The axle 24 is in the present instance shown hollow andprovided with an end flange 25, which serves as the cap-plate for oneend of the bearing. At the other end of the bearing is a cap-plate 26,which is secured to the shaft by means of the bolts 27, which penetratean annular flange on said cap-plate and extend into corresponding holesin the shaft. The cap-plate 26 and the part on the end of the shaft thatserves as the other cap-plate of the bearing are each in the presentinstance provided with a bearing-ring 28, let into the inner surface ofthe plate to engage the bearing-balls. Each is also provided with anannular flange 30, cooperating with a flanged portion of the hub orbearing-box to close the circumference of the bearing housing 31, whichis formed between each end of the hub and the associated cap-plate.Within this housing are placed balls 32, which serve'to space thebearing-rollers 33, interposed between the hub and the shaft, and whichalso serve as end-thrust bearings, being interposed between thebearing-ring 28 on each cap-plate, andthe cooperating bearing-ring 29,carried on that end of the hub.

It will be understood that the bearingrings 28 and 29 may be dispensedwith by suitably arranging those portions of the surfaces of thecapplates and of the hub to perform their oflice. Each series of ballsis held in position by a retaining-ring 34, which encircles the seriesand is free to rotate with the balls without engaging any other part ofthe bearings. 7

It will be noted that in the modification illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4,as in that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the end-thrust bearing-rings 28 and.29 are so disposed with relation to the series of balls with which theyengage that the travel of the balls is relatively greater onbearing-ring 28 than on bearing-ring 29 to correspond with their travelas spacing members for the roller-bearings 33, the angular displacementof which is greater relative to the axle than to the hub. Thebearing-surface of each ring is also preferably plane in order that itmay be tangential to the bear ing-balls to minimize friction therewith.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate another one of the many modified forms in whichmy invention may be embodied. This modification differs from the formspreviously described primarily in locating the spacing and end-thrustbearing-balls within the circle of the rollerbearing members instead ofoutside. The bearing comprises a hub or bearing-box 36, supporting awheel 42 by means of spokes 43. Within the hub 36 is a sleeve 35, whichis adapted to encircle the end of the shaft or axle 37 and to be securedthereto by means of the nut 44. The hub or bearing-box 36 and the sleevein the present instance constitute the two relatively rotative membersof the bearing. Between these members are interposed a number ofroller-bearing members 39, the ends of which are reduced in diameter andextend into the ends of the sleeve 35 and the centrally -perforatedcap-plates 45, firmly secured to the ends of the hub 36. Contained ineach of these housings is a series of balls which lie Within the circleof the pro truding ends of the rollers. The balls 38 are interposedbetween the ends of the rollers to space them apart and are kept inposition against moving radially inward by means of a loose ring 40.

The sleeve 35 is provided withlateral bearing-surfaces, arranged in thepresent instance to contact with the sides of the balls 38 by turnfngdown each end of the sleeve sufiicently to permit the reta.n.ng-r-ng 40and the balls, to half the. r d. ameter, to Le within the outercreumference of the sleeve. The portion of the end of the sleeve that isadapted to come in contact w..th the balls is preferably provided w.th abear. ngring 41, of hardened steel or other su table material. Thelateral bearing-surface, wh-ch is adapted to cooperate w th the lateralbearing-surface of the sleeve 35, is carried by the cap-plate and in thepresent instance is formed on the inner surface of the ca -plate itself.This cooperatng bearing-sur ace is d. sposed at an angle to thecooperating bearing-surface on the end of the sleeve to equal. ze thedisplacement of the balls as end-thrust bearing members with relation tothe r d splacement as spac. ng members, as more fully descnbed in theforegoing in connection wth the other modfications. It will be observedthat in the form illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, on account of the innerbeanng-contact of the balls hang with the inner sleeve, while theirouter bearing-contact is with a bearing-sur- I Io face carried by thehub, the inner or sleeve lateral bearing-surfaces of said members beingbearing-surface lies in the plane of rotation of the members, while theouter or hub bearing-surface is incl-ned at an angle thereto.

It w] ll of course be understood that my invention is not necessarilylimited to bearings in which the arrangement at the two ends of thebearing is in duplicate, as it is quite possible to employ my inventonin a beari ng one end only of wh. ch is provided w th the novelconstruction which I have set forth in the foregoing.

1. In a journal-bearing, the combination with the two relativelyrotative members thereof, of roller-bearing members interposed betweensa d rotative members, spaclngballs between the ends of said rollers,and parts carried by said rotative members adapted to bear agafnst saidspacfng-balls, whereby the spacing-balls serve to take the end thrust.

2. In'a bearing, the combination with the two relatively rotativemembers thereof, of a plural ty of rollers interposed between saidmembers, spac ng-balls between the ends of said rollers, andbearing-surfaces carried on said rotative members and adapted to bearaga nst spacing-balls on opposite s' des of the plane of their contactwith sa'd rollers, whereby the spac ng-balls serve both to space therollers and to take the end thrust of the rotative members.

3. In a bearing, the combination with the two relatively movable bearingmembers,

said members having lateral and longitudl nal opposed bearl ngsurfaces,of a plurality of rollers interposed between the longitudinalbearing-surfaces of said members, a plurality of balls interposedbetween the lateral bearing-surfaces of said members, said balls beinginterposed between the ends of said rollers to act as spacing memberstherefor.

4. In a bearing, the comb. nation with the two relatively movablemembers thereof, said members having lateral and longitudinal opposedbearing-surfaces, of a plurality of rolling bearing members interposedbetween the longitudinal bearing-surfaces of said rotative members, anda plurality of spacing-balls interposed between the ends of said rollingbearing members, said balls being also interposed between the lateralbearing-surfaces of saj' d members to take the end thrust thereof.

5. In a bearing, the combfnatlon with the two relatively rotativemembers thereof, sa d members having opposed longitudinal and lateralbearing-surfaces, of a plurality of rollers interposed between thelongitudinal bearlng-surfaces of saj' d members, a plurality of ballsinterposed between the lateral bearing-surfaces of said members, saidballs being also interposed between the ends of said rollers to act asspacing members therefor, the

adapted to contact with said balls at points thereon less than onehundred and e ghty degrees apart, whereby, in the rotation of saidmembers, the displacement of said balls as end-thrust bear, ng membersis made equal to their displacement as spac.ng members.

6. In a bearing, the combination with the two relatively rotativemembers thereof, said members being provided with longitudinal andlateral opposed bearing Q surfaces, the lateral bearing-surface of oneof said members beIng in a plane at an angle to the plane of the lateralbearlngsurface of the other member, a plurality of rollers interposedbetween the longltudnal bearing-surfaces of saf d members, a pluralityof balls interposed. between the lateral bearing-surfaces of saidmembers, said balls bef ng also interposed between the ends of sa drollers to act as spacing members therefor.

7. In a bearing, the combination with the two relatively rotativemembers thereof, said members having longitudinal and lateral opposedbearing-surfaces, said lateral surfaces being separated to form annularspaces therebetween, of a plurality of rollers interposed between thelongitudinal bearing-surfaces ofsaid members, the ends of said rollersbeing reduced in diameter, and projecting into said annular spaces, aplurality of balls confined in said annular space and interposed betweenthe reduced ends of said rollers, to act as spacing members therefor,said balls being also interposed between the lateral bearing-surfaces ofsaid members.

8. In a bearing, the combination with the two relatively rotativemembers thereof, said members having opposed longitudinalbearing-surfaces, of bearing-rings carried by said members, thebearing-surfaces of said rings being laterally opposed, a plurality ofrollers interposed between the longitudinal bearingsurfaces of saidmembers, a plurality of balls interposed between the lateral bearing-sunfaces of the rings carried by said members, said balls being alsointerposed between the ends of said rollers to act as spacing mem berstherefor.

9. In a bearing, the combination with the two relatively rotativemembers thereof, said members having longitudinal and lateral opposedbearing-surfaces, said lateral surfaces being separated to form annularspaces therebetween, of a plurality of rollers interposed between thelongitudinal bearing-surfaces of said members, the ends of said rollersbeing reduced in diameter and projecting into said annular spaces aplurality of balls confined in said annular spaces and interposedbetween the ends of said rollers to act as spacing members therefor, anda ring loosely encircling said balls to maintain the same in position,said balls being also interposed between the lateral bearing-surfaces ofITO said rotative members to take the thrust thereof.

10. In a bearing, the combination with two relatively rotative bearingmembers having longitudinally and laterally opposed bearingsurfaces, theexternal diameter of the in terior member being less than the internaldiameter of the exterior member, of a plu rality of rolling bearingmembers interposed between the longitudinal bearing-surfaces of saidmembers, a plurality of balls interposed between the lateralbearing-surfaces of said members, said balls being alsointerposedbetween the ends of said rollers to act as spacing memberstherefor, the bearing-point on each of said balls of the lateralbearing-surface of said exterior member being so placed that the cosineof the angle which the point of con tact forms with the plane ofrotation of. the

bearing has aratio to one approximately equal to the ratio of the travelof the surface of the ball relative to the lateral bearingsurfaceassociated with the interior member, to its travel relative to thelateral bearing-surface associated with the exterior member, whereby inthe rotation of the members, the displacement of the balls, asend-thrust bearing members, is made approximately equal to theirdisplacement as spacing members.

11. In a bearing, the combination with the bearing-box, of annularcap-plates closing the ends thereof, flanges on the ends of saidbearing-box holding said cap-plates in position, a plurality of rollerswithin said box and arranged to bear upon the inner surface thereof,said cap-plates being provided with inwardly-extending flanges adaptedto engage the ends of said rollers to hold the rollers in position, aplurality of balls contained within the annular spaces between the endsof said bearing-box and said cap-plates, said balls being interposedbetween the ends of said rollers to serve as spacing members, andlateral bearing-surfaces on each. end of said bearing-box and on theinside of each capplate, said bearing-surfaces at each end of saidbearing-box being adapted to engage opposite sides of saidspacing-balls, whereby the spacing-balls serve to take the end thrust.

12. In a bearing, the combination with a bearing-box, and a plurality ofbearing-rollers contained therein, of spacing-balls interposed betweenadjacent ends of said rollers, and a cap-plate held to the end of saidbearing-box, said cap-plate and said bearing-box being provided withopposed lateral bearingsurfaces adapted to contact with saidspacing-balls.

13. In a bearing, the combination with the bearing-box or hub, ofcentrally-perforated cap-plates rotatably mounted one at each end ofsaid box in position to leave an annular space between each cap-plateand the end of the box, said cap-plates having flanges projectinginwardly from the edges of their central openings, a plurality ofrollers contained within said bearing-box, the ends of said rollersbeing reduced in diameter and extending into position to engage theinwardlyprojecting flanges of said cap-plates, a series of spacing-ballscontained within each annular space between said cap-plates and the endsof said bearing-box, said balls being interposed between the ends ofsaid rollers to space the same, and being also mounted in position toengage and take the end thrust between each ca plate and thecorresponding end of said caring-box.

14. In a bearing, the combination with a bearing-box having alongitudinal and a lateral bearing-surface, of a plurality of rollerssupported in position to bear against said longitudinal bearing-surface,a plurality of balls held in position to bear against said lateralbearing-surface, said balls being also interposed between the ends ofsaid rollers to act as spacing members therefor, and acentrally-perforated cap-plate rotatably held to the end of saidbearing-box and having a lateral bearing-surface adapted to engage saidballs.

15. In a bearing, the combination with a bearing-box having alongitudinal and a lateral bearing-surface, of a plurality ofbearing-rollers held in position to engage the longitudinalbearing-surface of said box, a series of balls interposed between theends of said rollers to act as spacing members therefor, a cap-platerotatably secured. to said bearingbox and having a lateralbearing-surface adapted to engage said balls, the lateralbearing-surface on said bearing-box with which said balls are adapted toengage being angularly disposed with relation to the cooperat inglateral bearing-surface of said cap-plate.

16. In a bearing, the combination with a bearing-box having alongitudinal and a lateral bearing-surface, of a cap-plate rotatabl heldto said bearing-box at one end thereo", said cap-plate having aninterior lateral bearing-surface, a series of balls contained betweensaid cap-plate and the end of said bearingbox, said balls being adaptedto serve as a thrust-bearing between said bearing-box and rotatablecap-plate, and a plurality of rollers held within said bearing-box inposition to engage the inner longitudinal bearingsurface thereof, saidballs being interposed between the ends of said rollers and adapted toact as spacing members therefor.

17. In a bearing, the combination with the two relatively rotativemembers thereof, said members having longitudinally-opposedbearing-surfaces, of a plurality of rollers interposed between thelongitudinal bearing surfaces of said members, a cap-plate secured atone end of said members and arranged to move with one of the same,opposed lateral bearing-surfaces on said cap-plate and the member towhich said cap-plate is not se- IIO cured, said bearing-surfaces beingdisposed at an angle to each other, a series of balls interposed betweensaid bearing-surfaces, said balls being also interposed between the endsof the aforesaid rollers to serve as spacing members therefor.

18. In a bearing, the combination with the two relatively rotativebearing members thereof, said members having longitudinal and lateralbearingsurfaces, of rolling bear ing members interposed between thelongitudinal bearing-surfaces of said members, and rolling bearingmembers interposed between the lateral bearing-surfaces of said members,said last-mentioned bearing members being interposed between saidfirst-mentioned rolling bearing members to serve as spacing memberstherefor.

'19. In a bearing, thecombination with two relatively rotative bearingmembers, each of said members being provided with a longitudinal and alateral bearing-surface, of rolling bearing members interposed betweenthe longitudinal bearing-surfaces of said said members, said.last-mentioned rolling.

bearing members being interposed between said first-mentioned rollingbearing members to serve as spacing members therefor.

20. In a bearing, the combination with two relatively rotative bearingmembers thereof, said members having opposed longitudinal and lateralbearing-surfaces, of one set of rolling bearing members interposedbetween the longitudinal bearing-surfaces of said members, and anotherset of rolling bearing members interposed between the lateralbearing-surfaces of said members, the rolling bearing members of one ofsaid sets being interposed between the rolling bearing members of theother of said sets to serve as spacing members therefor.

EDWIN J. NEWTON.

Witnesses:

EDWIN H. SMYTHE, LOUIs B. ERWIN.

